DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION
Ratified in 1791, the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution are known collectively as the Bill of Rights. The amendments, which contain guarantees of essential rights and liberties not specified in the original document, have been the subject of many of the Supreme Court's most important cases. In the 1833 case Barron v. Baltimore, the Court ruled that the protections contained in the Bill of Rights applied only against actions by the federal government, and not the states. However, in the 1920s, the Court began interpreting the Fourteenth Amendment (ratified in 1868 and prohibiting states from denying its citizens "equal protection" and "due process" of law), to incorporate most of the provisions of the Bill of Rights against the states.
TRANSCRIPT
The Preamble to the Bill of Rights
Congress of the United States begun and held at the City of New-York, on Wednesday the fourth of March, one thousand seven hundred and eighty nine.
THE Conventions of a number of the States, having at the time of their adopting the Constitution, expressed a desire, in order to prevent misconstruction or abuse of its powers, that further declaratory and restrictive clauses should be added: And as extending the ground of public confidence in the Government, will best ensure the beneficent ends of its institution.
RESOLVED by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, two thirds of both Houses concurring, that the following Articles be proposed to the Legislatures of the several States, as amendments to the Constitution of the United States, all, or any of which Articles, when ratified by three fourths of the said Legislatures, to be valid to all intents and purposes, as part of the said Constitution; viz.
ARTICLES in addition to, and Amendment of the Constitution of the United States of America, proposed by Congress, and ratified by the Legislatures of the several States, pursuant to the fifth Article of the original Constitution."[31]
First Amendment -- Freedom of speech, press, religion, peaceable assembly, and to petition the government.
Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.
Second Amendment -- Right for the people to keep and bear arms, as well as to maintain a militia.
A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms shall not be infringed.
Third Amendment -- Protection from quartering of troops.
No Soldier shall, in time of a piece quartered in any house, without the consent of the Owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law.
Fourth Amendment -- Protection from unreasonable search and seizure.
The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.
Fifth Amendment -- Due process, double jeopardy, self-incrimination, private property.
No person shall be held to answer for any capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.
Sixth Amendment -- Trial by jury and other rights of the accused.
In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district where in the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defense.
Seventh Amendment -- Civil trial by jury.
In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars.
Eighth Amendment -- Prohibition of excessive bail, as well as cruel and unusual punishment.
Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.
Ninth Amendment -- Protection of rights not specifically enumerated in the Bill of Rights.
The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.
Tenth Amendment -- Powers of states and people
The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people.
Alaska General Jural Assembly Operation and Functions
Formation, operations and functions of the Alaska General Jural Assembly By-Laws of the sovereign members of Alaska, a Free and Independent nation=state
Whereas, the assembly of We the People being one of the principles most respected and powerful civil rights of the American People, and
Whereas, the concept of an assembly that dates, back to the early colonies and was included in the constitutions of the free republics of the united States of America, Cir. 1789, as a means for the people to rein-in an elected government acting outside the limits of delegated power, and
Whereas, when a government appears to be committing criminal and Un-Constitutional acts. It can hardly be relied upon to bring charges and indictments against itself.
Therefore, We the People inhabiting the land of Alaska a Free and Independent nation=state, free men and women convened under God, having being granted by the creator over all the earth, to protect and restore the blessings of liberty for ourselves and our posterity, hereby invoke our sacred right to peacefully assemble, as memorialized in the unanimous Declaration of Independence of the thirteen united States of America, Cir. 1776. The Articles of Confederation Cir.”1787” and do hereby establish this Alaska General Jural Assembly of the sovereign people of Alaska, a Free and Independent nation=state November 5th 2020.
This Alaska General Jural Assembly, being formed and existing by right, according to common law and lawfully assembled on the free dry land of Alaska, a Free and Independent nation=state. Is not a part of the De Facto incorporated bodies such as Political Action Committees (PACs) and any and all political parties, in functions as an entirely separate and independent body, void of affiliation with any and all partisan connections according to rights and powers granted by the creator and vested in the people by the Bill of Rights that secure these rights to address Constitutional usurpations for the united States of America. Cir.1789 as amended in 1791.
This assembly is composed of free men and women who have bound themselves by a Jural Covenant of Office Oath to review, deliberate and “Notice” the lawful acts and actions of public office holders. These assembly members have a sworn or affirmed to support, preserve, defend and protect the ‘Constitution for the united States of America (circa 1789), and the Bill of Rights’ by autographing under oath or affirmation the ‘Jural Covenant of Office.’ Alaska General Jural Assembly standing as guardians of Alaska, a Free and Independent nation=state, one of the free republics in perpetual union with the Articles of Confederation in force after ratification by Maryland, 1 March 1781.
In addition, all Alaska General Jural Assembly members have autographed under oath or affirmation the ‘Jural Covenant of Office,’ knowing full well that they are subject to serve as De Jure Grand Jury members and are selected by random draw and will serve a one year term.
The expressed meaning of the word “De Jure” used herein is “existing by right or according to law.”
Requirements and Qualifications for Alaska General Jural Assembly Membership:
Be at least Fourteen (14) years of age to join. Be at least eighteen (18) years of age to vote;
Be domiciled on the land within the geographic boundaries of Alaska, a Free and Independent nation=state for no less than one (1) year immediately prior to joining the assembly;
Exhibit common sense, intelligence, good character and sound judgment;
Cannot have been convicted of malfeasance in any public office, any felony or higher crime where there is an actual injured party. Exceptions to the felony rule may be granted on a case by case basis depending on the nature of the felony conviction and must be approved by simple majority vote of 50% plus 1 by the Alaska General Jural Assembly;
Cannot be holding a title of nobility or be an attorney holding membership of the BAR;
Cannot be serving as a De Facto corporate elected or appointed public official;
Must autograph under oath affirmation, the “Declaration of Independence” and the “Declaration of Unalienable Rights” blue ink, documents. Cir2019;
Duties, Powers, and Responsibilities:
The Alaska General Jural Assembly reviews and evaluates procedures and systems used by all governmental agencies to determine whether agency operations remain within lawful limitations of the constitutional authority and may also inquire into any aspect of special legislative districts and joint power agencies.
The jurisdiction of the Alaska General Jural Assembly extends to the operations of any federal agency presuming to have authority to operate within the geographic boundaries of Alaska, a Free and Independent nation=state, which may affect or infringe the unalienable rights of the sovereign people of Alaska.
The Alaska General Jural Assembly functions lawfully only as a body. No one individual assembly member acting alone has any power or authority. No one regional assembly has the authority or power to implement change or the conditions to these by-laws on its own.
The members in good standing attending the assembly meetings shall constitute the quorum of the assembly.
“Good Standing” means the member has all their documents up to date and on file with the recording secretary, Attend 75% of the business meetings and is not under suspension or indictment for any cause or infraction voted on by the body of the assembly.
Meetings of this Alaska General Jural Assembly are private meetings. Non-members must be sponsored by a member in good standing to attend assembly meetings.
It is required that all matters placed before this Alaska General Jural Assembly and votes taken must be kept as a confidential record, minutes of all the meetings, regularly scheduled, and all special emergency scheduled meetings.
The Alaska General Jural Assembly will take action by peaceful means in redressing all matters under review pertaining to all government agencies, the end result of inquiries into civil matters may be released to the public in the form of a final report but only upon written request.
All matters voted on by the Alaska General Jural Assembly shall be decided by simple majority of 50% plus 1 present and all matters voted on shall be final, unless unanimously amended.
The Alaska General Jural Assembly Serves These Primary Functions:
To examine all aspects of government operations by initiating its own investigations: placing their findings before a “Board of Review” for disposition;
To resolve disputes between governmental agencies and the people living and working within the geographic boundaries of Alaska, a Free and Independent nation=state;
To conduct investigations, and when the evidence is sufficient to issue presentments to the “Board of Review” to initiate appropriate action by enforcement agencies responsible for prosecution;
To oversee all government agencies and office holders to ensure compliance with Constitutions, Lawful status, Ordinances, Regulations, Codes etc, and to review and determine the lawfulness or all the listed Directives;
To oversee all Settlement Assemblies, and to ensure that their duties, qualifications, purpose, and scope conform to the Alaska General Jural Assembly as set forth herein, except limited to the respective county/borough venue. Administrative oversight is placed under the Alaska General Jural Assembly to maintain concurrence and peaceful interactions and harmony for all of We the People on the free dry land of Alaska, a Free and Independent nation=state;
Establish a three (3) member “Board of Review” for infractions of these by-laws by any member’s failure to live up to this Operations and Functions by-laws and expectations of the Alaska General Jural Assembly;
The Current Scope of Review of the Alaska General Jural Assembly is to:
Inquire into the condition and management of our governmental offices, agencies and require the reset of the corporate style governance to the De Jure style and function in common-law based on biblical principles as the original republic form of governance intended;
Investigate and report on the opera tions, financial accounts, and records of all government officers and agencies to include the various departments and their operational directives;
Inquire into any observed or reported misconduct of public officers, present and past;
Inquire into any observed or reported criminal conduct;
To call forth a committee for investigation and give this committee the authority to investigate and review all issues presented to the assembly, by any member in good standing and any issue from a non-member presented by any member in good standing;
To establish a “Board of Review” with the power and authority to issue summons and subpoenas to accomplish a thorough investigation and sentencing of culpable parties;
The “Board of Review” shall commence oversight and review of all abuses perpetrated on We the People by the corporate government that has usurped our Republican form of self-governance;
Election of Alaska General Jural Assembly Officers:
Election of officers shall take place yearly in the month of December by paper ballot by the assembly members in good standing. To hold an office in the General Jural Assembly the member must be eighteen (18) years of age or older, attend 75% of the business meetings and be a member in good standing for six (6) months. Cannot be serving as a De Facto corporate public official. Cannot be holding title of nobility or be an attorney holding membership of the BAR; must autograph under oath or affirmation the “Jural Covenant of Office,” “Declaration of Independence” and “Declaration of Unalienable Rights,” blue ink documents. Cir. 2019.
Alaska General Jural Assembly Officers and their Duties:
The listed Offices are to be filled by members that meet the requirements to hold office under these by-laws from noon January 1, to noon January 1 of the following year. The only exception is the Grand Jury Commissioner which is an appointed position for a three (3) year term for community of training and jury management. The appointment of a new Grand Jury Commissioner will take place at the two-year anniversary of the present office holder to ensure the new commissioner has a solid knowledge base to officially take the office. The Current office holder has 72 hours to transmit all information needed to the new office holder to be able to perform his or her duties, within the election or appointment. Current office holder is to assist new office holder with duties until new office holder understands them.
Moderator-Foreman—must ensure that the Alaska General Jural Assembly, as a whole, and each of the investigative committees, functions effectively and efficiently. The Moderator-Foreman shall have the ability to administer covenant oaths and affirmations, to appoint “Board o f Review” and shall appoint the Alaska De Jure Grand Jury Commissioner;
Moderator-Foreman Pro-tem- Generally supports the Moderator-Foreman and in the absence of the Moderator-Foreman, assumes all responsibilities of the Moderator-Foreman;
Recording Secretary- Generally assists the Moderator-Foreman in all matters while keeping an accurate record (minutes) of the proceedings of each meeting in the manner and scope of a scribe, handles in-coming and out-going general purpose mail (snail mail);
Recording Secretary Pro-tem- Generally supports the Recording Secretary and in the absence of the Recording Secretary, assumes all responsibilities of the Recording Secretary;
Communications Secretary- Handles computer communications and assist Recording Secretary with computer incoming and outgoing communications (email);
Communications Secretary Pro-tem- Generally supports the Communication Secretary and in the absence of the Communications Secretary, assumes all responsibilities of the Communications Secretary;
Audio/Visual IT- works with the video/audio recordings to ensure safety and non-designated personnel from changing and corrupting the record. Assists in maintenance and storage of digital data records on secure servers;
Audio/Visual Pro-tem- manages the Alaska General Jural Assembly web site, security, posting of data, and manages the domain certificates;
Treasurer- handles all financial operations, including the reimbursements of jurors and payments on expenses of the grand jury. As a whole, must keep accurate records and submit a report to the Alaska General Jural Assembly at each business meeting;
Alaska De Jure Grand Jury Commissioner- shall oversee the jury member selection process, provides the orientation and training for the newly selected Grand Jury Members, and may function as advisory consultant to inhabitants of any Alaska region establishing a De Jure Grand Jury under Settlement Covenant. Co-ordinate initial information meetings and assist with recruiting. Alaska Gran Jury Commissioner is by appointment and is appointed for three (3) years;
Removal of an assembly member from the Alaska General Jural Assembly:
Verified failure to exemplify high standards of behavior and attitude within the philosophy and direction of the Alaska General Jural Assembly, or violation of these by-laws or failure to maintain status of member in good standing in any way will result in immediate suspension of all the member’s privileges and immediate removal from any office held by the member at the time.
Disregard for the Jural Covenant of Office oath shall be grounds for the member to be investigated and evaluated by a three member board of review. Removal from the assembly may be affected by the recommendation of the review and voted on by the assembly. These review boards will be appointed by the Moderator-Foreman or Chief Justice for that incident only and dissolved after the review and decision is acknowledged by the assembly.
Region Settlement Administrative Oversight:
The individual region assembly with established duties, qualifications, mission, purpose, and scope, will conform to the Alaska General Jural Assembly as set forth herein, except limited respective region of venue. Administrative oversight is placed under the Alaska General Jural Assembly.
Failure of regional assembly to address flagrant abuses by any member, it shall become the task of the State Level Alaska General Jural Assembly to address the cause by making recommendations and if necessary imitate a Regional Administrative Oversight (RAO) “Board of Review” action.
Qualifications and selection process for RAO “Board of Review” members:
There shall be three (3) members for this “board of review” with the authority to summons and subpoena all necessary evidence to deliberate and validate a claim/cause of action.
Potential candidates are given information about the duties of this “board of review” and the time commitment required. All candidates to serve as RAO “board of review” members are to attend an orientation presented by the Justice of the Judiciary members of the Alaska, a Free and Independent nation=state. The members of this “board of review” are to be held to a demonstrated knowledge base of law and legal research and procedure. Future candidates are to be drawn from the local communities of all Alaska regions from which regular assembly members are drawn and must be members in good standing.
The Alaska General Jural Assembly has the responsibility to impanel three (3) member RAO “board of review” to address and commence oversight and review of all the abuses perpetrated on We the People by the corporation that has usurped our Republican form of self-governance.
Addendums to these by-laws:
Any addendum to the Operations and Functions of the Alaska General Jural Assembly must be submitted in writing to the Moderator-Foreman and the addendum shall be reviewed by the assembly at a regularly scheduled meeting and shall be approved or rejected by simple majority vote of 50% plus 1 in attendance. All addendums that are in force as of this writing shall remain in force as approved by the assembly on the dates recorded in the Alaska General Jural Assembly meeting minutes.
Approved in assembly on October 20, 2020
Alaska General Jural Assembly
PO Box 521448
Big Lake, Alaska [99652-1448]